by S. Hardt et al. arXiv.org E-print Archive, 11 May 2007 A small-scale, trapezoidal rigid body in the gas-filled gap between two parallel plates at different temperatures is considered. An analytical expression for the force onto the body in the direction parallel to the plates valid for an infinite Knudsen number is derived. Simultaneously, Monte-Carlo [...]
by I. Appelbaum et al. Nature, 17 May 2007 The spin lifetime and diffusion length of electrons are transport parameters that define the scale of coherence in spintronic devices and circuits. As these parameters are many orders of magnitude larger in semiconductors than in metals, semiconductors could be the most suitable for spintronics. So far, [...]
by D.D. Gandhi et al. Nature, 17 May 2007 Self-assembled molecular nanolayers (MNLs) composed of short organic chains and terminated with desired functional groups are attractive for modifying surface properties for a variety of applications. For example, organosilane MNLs are used as lubricants, in nanolithography, for corrosion protection, and in the crystallization of biominerals. Recent [...]
University of Nottingham Press Release, 15 May 2007 It’s a cooker, a fridge, and a generator in one — and it could have a huge impact on the lives of people in the world’s poorest communities. The £2m SCORE (Stove for Cooking, Refrigeration and Electricity) project brings together experts from across the world to develop [...]
Purdue University Press Release, 10 May 2007 Researchers have created the first computational model to track engine performance from one combustion cycle to the next for a new type of engine that could dramatically reduce oil consumption and the emission of global-warming pollutants. A key portion of his research, based at Purdue’s Ray W. Herrick [...]
University at Buffalo Press Release, 9 May 2007 Bridges that “dance” during earthquakes could be the safest and least expensive to build, retrofit and repair, according to earthquake engineers at the University at Buffalo and MCEER. The researchers recently developed and successfully tested the first seismic design methodology for bridge towers that respond to ground [...]
On May 17, Science Commons and the Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition (SPARC) announce the release of new online tools to help authors exercise choice in retaining critical rights in their scholarly articles, including the rights to reuse their scholarly articles and to post them in online repositories. Read more
by S. Chakraverty et al. arXiv.org E-print Archive, 15 May 2007 This paper uses Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models to compute response of structural system subject to Indian earthquakes at Chamoli and Uttarkashi ground motion data. The system is first trained for a single real earthquake data. The trained ANN architecture is then used to [...]
by F.A. Nielsen arXiv.org E-print Archive, 15 May 2007 The Internet-based encyclopaedia Wikipedia has grown to become one of the most visited web-sites on the Internet. However, critics have questioned the quality of entries, and an empirical study has shown Wikipedia to contain errors in a 2005 sample of science entries. Biased coverage and lack [...]
by R. Bera et al. arXiv.org E-print Archive, 15 May 2007 Scientists and Technologists involved in the development of radar and remote sensing systems all over the world are now trying to involve themselves in saving of manpower in the form of developing a new application of their ideas in Intelligent Transport system(ITS). The world [...]